Grammar
Every rule has its own page, with the full table, the exceptions and the mistakes learners actually make. Free, and no account needed. Lire en français
Pronouns(2)
Swedish personal pronouns
Personliga pronomen
Every Swedish personal pronoun in subject and object form, including hen. Complete table, the de/dem question, and the mistakes learners actually make.
Swedish possessive pronouns
Possessiva pronomen
The full Swedish possessive table, plus the one distinction English does not have: sin/sitt/sina versus hans/hennes, and why it changes who owns what.
Articles (en/ett)(2)
En or ett: Swedish noun gender
Obestämd artikel
Swedish has two genders, en and ett. There is no rule that covers every noun — but a set of word endings decides most of them. The endings, the odds, and what to do with the rest.
The Swedish definite form
Bestämd artikel
Swedish puts "the" on the end of the noun. The full table of definite endings, singular and plural, and the double determination that catches every learner.
Verbs(4)
The Swedish present tense
Presens
Swedish verbs do not conjugate by person. The four verb groups, how each forms the present, and the handful of verbs that break the pattern.
The Swedish past tense (preteritum)
Preteritum
How to form the Swedish preteritum: -ade, -de, -te, -dde and the strong verbs. The rule that decides between -de and -te, with the irregular verbs listed.
The Swedish future
Futurum
Swedish has no future ending. Three ways to talk about the future — ska, kommer att and the plain present — and which one a Swede would actually use.
The Swedish perfect tense
Perfekt
The Swedish perfect is har plus the supine form. The supine endings for all four verb groups, the pluperfect, and the line between perfect and preteritum.
Word order(2)
The V2 rule: verb second
V2-regeln
In a Swedish main clause the finite verb is always the second element. What counts as one element, why the subject moves, and the sentences learners get wrong.
The BIFF rule
BIFF-regeln
BIFF — i BIsats kommer Inte Före det Finita verbet. Why inte moves in front of the verb in subordinate clauses, with the full list of adverbs it applies to.
Adjectives(2)
Swedish adjective agreement
Adjektivets böjning
Swedish adjectives take three endings and no more: nothing, -t and -a. The full agreement table, the definite form, and the irregular adjectives.
Comparative and superlative in Swedish
Komparation
How to compare in Swedish: the regular -are / -ast endings, when to use mer and mest instead, and the full list of irregular adjectives.
Plurals(1)
Prepositions(2)
Swedish prepositions of time
Tidsprepositioner
Which Swedish preposition goes with days, months, clock times and durations. The i / på / om distinction, and the för … sedan construction for "ago".
Swedish prepositions of place
Rumsprepositioner
When Swedish uses i and when på for places, why some institutions take på, and the difference between till and i for movement.